30 best things to do in Istanbul: What to see and do?

The smell of freshly brewed Turkish tea, the buzz of colourful bazaars and the call to prayer echoing between the minarets across the city. Add a skyline filled with domes, lively streets and the Bosphorus, and it’s easy to see why Istanbul is such a special place. This city had been on my bucket list for a long time, and it surprised me from the very first moment. From centuries-old mosques and impressive palaces to bustling markets, charming streets and beautiful viewpoints, there are so many different things to do in Istanbul. In this guide, I share my favourite places and tips for an unforgettable city trip to Istanbul, so you can experience not only the city’s highlights but also the unique atmosphere that makes Istanbul so fascinating.

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Why should Istanbul be on your bucket list?

Istanbul is one of those cities you simply have to experience at least once in your life. This vibrant metropolis in Turkey lies along the Bosphorus, where Europe meets Asia, bringing together different cultures, worlds and centuries of history. Once the heart of both the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires, Istanbul’s fascinating past can still be felt everywhere you go.

But what makes Istanbul truly special to me are its contrasts. Centuries-old mosques and palaces stand alongside trendy coffee shops, colourful bazaars give way to charming neighbourhoods filled with narrow streets, and from the shores of the Bosphorus you can admire a skyline dotted with domes and minarets. One moment you’re surrounded by the hustle and bustle of the Grand Bazaar, and the next you’re sipping Turkish tea while enjoying the view over the water.

Istanbul is also a dream destination for photographers. Around almost every corner, there’s a new scene, beautiful detail or unexpected view waiting to be captured. It’s a city you don’t visit just to tick off the famous things to do in Istanbul, but to wander, observe and soak up the atmosphere. Intense, colourful, chaotic and incredibly beautiful at the same time: that’s exactly why Istanbul deserves a place on your bucket list.

How to get to and around Istanbul?

From Belgium, travelling by plane is the fastest way to reach Istanbul. From Brussels, the flight takes around 3.5 hours. You’ll arrive at either Istanbul Airport or Sabiha Gökçen Airport.

From the airport, there are several ways to reach the city centre. You can take the metro or an airport shuttle such as Havaist or Havabus. Prefer a little more comfort after your flight? You can also take a taxi or book a private transfer. With a private transfer, your driver will be waiting for you upon arrival, which is especially convenient if you’re travelling with a lot of luggage.

Once in Istanbul, getting around by public transport is easy. The metro, tram, bus and ferry will take you to almost all of the city’s main attractions. Buy an Istanbulkart when you arrive for an easy and affordable way to use public transport. You can use the card on almost all forms of public transport.

One thing you definitely shouldn’t miss during your city trip is taking the ferry. It’s not only a convenient way to travel between Europe and Asia, but also a great opportunity to enjoy beautiful views of the Bosphorus.

There’s also plenty to discover on foot. Sultanahmet, Galata and Karaköy are particularly enjoyable neighbourhoods to explore on foot. Keep in mind that Istanbul is quite hilly, so comfortable shoes are a must. For longer distances, you can also take a taxi. Apps such as Uber and BiTaksi make it easy to book a ride.

Want to be well prepared for your trip? Make sure to read my 10 Istanbul travel tips you need to know before you go as well. There you’ll find even more practical advice for a smooth and enjoyable city trip.

What is the best time to visit Istanbul?

In my opinion, spring and autumn are the best times for a city trip to Istanbul. Temperatures are generally pleasant, and you’ll avoid the biggest summer crowds.

We visited Istanbul in early May and found it a great time to explore the city. However, we did get quite a bit of rain and wind, so packing a rain jacket and a warm sweater is definitely a good idea.

September and October are also ideal months to visit, with temperatures often still pleasantly warm. July and August, on the other hand, can be very hot and crowded.

Want to know more about the weather and different seasons? In my blog with 10 Istanbul travel tips, I go into more detail about the best time to visit.

How many days do you need in Istanbul?

For a first visit to Istanbul, I would recommend spending at least 4 to 5 days in the city. Istanbul is huge, and there is so much to see and experience. With a few days, you’ll have enough time to visit the main sights without constantly having to watch the clock.

You’ll also have some time left to simply wander around the city. Explore colourful neighbourhoods, stop for a Turkish tea and cross the Bosphorus by ferry. It’s often these little moments in between that make Istanbul so enjoyable.

Have more time? Even better! You can explore at a slower pace and discover some of the city’s lesser-known neighbourhoods as well. But 4 to 5 days will already give you a great first impression of Istanbul.

Where to stay in Istanbul?

Where you stay in Istanbul can make a big difference to how you experience the city, as each neighbourhood has its own unique atmosphere. So it’s worth choosing an area that matches what you’re looking for during your city trip.

Want to stay close to Istanbul’s most famous attractions? Sultanahmet is a convenient base. For cosy restaurants, trendy coffee shops and a livelier atmosphere, Galata and Karaköy are great choices. Prefer a more local and slightly quieter atmosphere? Cross the Bosphorus to Kadıköy.

With so many options to choose from, I created a separate guide on where to stay in Istanbul. There you’ll find the best neighbourhoods as well as my favourite hotels in each area, from charming boutique hotels to more luxurious stays with views over the Bosphorus.

Prefer to search for the perfect place to stay yourself? Check out the map below to see which hotels are available for your travel dates.

30 best things to do in Istanbul: What to see and do?

If you know me a little, you’ll know that I like to organise sights and attractions into different categories. It gives you a clear overview of what a city has to offer. And believe me, there is so much to discover in Istanbul. From impressive mosques and centuries-old palaces to colourful bazaars, lively neighbourhoods and beautiful viewpoints overlooking the Bosphorus.

That’s why I’ve divided the best things to do in Istanbul into different categories below. You’ll also find all the places marked on the map, making it easy to decide what you definitely want to see and plan your own itinerary.

Prefer not to figure out the planning yourself? Check out my 4-day Istanbul itinerary, where I show you which sights and attractions are easy to combine so you can make the most of your time in the city.

My most important tip? Don’t pack your days too full. Istanbul is a city you need to experience, not just sightsee. Wander through a charming neighbourhood without a plan and stop for a Turkish tea. Listen to the call to prayer and watch the boats glide across the Bosphorus. Let yourself be tempted by the aromas of local delicacies and the colours of the bazaars. It’s those little moments in between that make Istanbul so special.

The most famous things to do in Istanbul

1 -Discover the iconic Hagia Sophia

The Hagia Sophia had been on my bucket list for a very long time, so it was one of the places I was most excited to visit during our trip. Just the thought of walking through a building with almost 1,500 years of history felt incredibly special.

The Hagia Sophia was built in the sixth century as a Byzantine cathedral. After the Ottoman conquest, the building was converted into a mosque. Later, it served as a museum for many years. Today, the Hagia Sophia is once again an active mosque. Over the centuries, different cultures and religions have left their mark on this extraordinary building.

Unfortunately, the Hagia Sophia was partly under renovation during our visit. As visitors, we could only access the upper floor, while the ground floor was reserved for Muslims coming to pray. It was a little disappointing, but the experience was still incredibly impressive.

From the upper floor, you can look out over the enormous interior and its impressive dome. Centuries-old Christian mosaics sit alongside Islamic elements, and it’s precisely this combination that makes the Hagia Sophia so fascinating. I especially loved simply walking around and taking it all in. So much history has unfolded within these walls.

Visitors need a paid ticket. I recommend buying your ticket online in advance. Also keep prayer times in mind and check the current opening hours before your visit.

Dress respectfully and, if you’re a woman, bring your own scarf. During our visit, headscarves were not available.

2 – Admire the beautiful Blue Mosque

Right opposite the Hagia Sophia stands another icon of Istanbul: the Blue Mosque. And believe me, it’s every bit as impressive as its famous neighbour. Personally, I even preferred the interior of the Blue Mosque.

Its official name is the Sultan Ahmed Mosque. It was built in the seventeenth century on the orders of Sultan Ahmed I. Its nickname comes from the thousands of blue Iznik tiles decorating the interior. Elegant domes, colourful patterns and enormous chandeliers complete the picture.

What struck me most was how much natural light fills the interior, bringing all the colours and decorations beautifully to life. The Hagia Sophia  feels darker and more mysterious, while the Blue Mosque feels lighter and more refined. Personally, that made its interior appeal to me even more. 

Make sure to take some time to explore the grounds surrounding the mosque as well. Walk around the building and admire it from different perspectives. With its six minarets and beautiful domes, it’s photogenic from almost every angle. For me, this was one of my favourite places to photograph in Istanbul.

The Blue Mosque is free to visit. As it is still an active mosque, make sure to dress respectfully. You’ll also need to remove your shoes before entering. Keep prayer times in mind, as the mosque is closed to visitors during prayers.

3 – Visit the tomb of Sultan Ahmed I

Right next to the Blue Mosque, you’ll find the Sultan Ahmed I Tomb, the mausoleum of Sultan Ahmed I. It’s one of those places you could easily walk past, but it pleasantly surprised me.

One thing I found fascinating about Istanbul is how you come across tombs and cemeteries right in the middle of the historic centre. Sometimes they are literally next to busy streets and famous landmarks. They’re often much larger and more impressive than you might expect at first glance, reminding you once again just how much history is present everywhere in this city.

The Sultan Ahmed I Tomb is also quite impressive. The mausoleum dates back to the seventeenth century and beautifully complements the nearby Blue Mosque. Inside, you’ll find colourful Iznik tiles, elegant calligraphy and intricately decorated domes. At the centre are the large tombs of Sultan Ahmed I and several members of his family.

What I especially loved was the contrast with the hustle and bustle outside. As soon as you step inside, the atmosphere becomes incredibly peaceful. Take your time to admire all the beautiful details.

The Sultan Ahmed I Tomb is free to visit. Since it’s right next to the Blue Mosque, you can easily combine both in one visit. Make sure to dress respectfully and check the current opening hours beforehand.

4 – Wander through the impressive Topkapi Palace

Topkapı Palace is without a doubt one of the most beautiful palaces I’ve ever visited. For centuries, it was the political centre of the Ottoman Empire. The sultans lived here together with their families and court. The location alone, overlooking the Bosphorus, is stunning.

The palace is enormous. You’ll wander through several courtyards, gardens and richly decorated rooms, discovering colourful tiles, ornate ceilings and impressive details everywhere you look. Make sure to allow plenty of time for your visit. You can easily spend several hours here without seeing everything.

But my absolute highlight? The Harem! You can visit Topkapı Palace with or without access to this section. We initially booked a ticket without the Harem, but once we were there, we decided at the last minute to buy an additional ticket. And wooow… I’m so glad we did!

For me, this was by far the most beautiful part of the palace. Each room seems even more impressive than the last. Think colourful Iznik tiles, beautiful domes, ornate doors and intricate details. It also gives you a fascinating glimpse into the private life of the sultan and his family.

I would therefore definitely recommend choosing a ticket that includes the Harem. Allow at least a few hours to explore the entire palace. Want to take your time enjoying the gardens, rooms and Harem? Then you can easily spend half a day here.

5 – Descend into the mysterious Basilica Cistern

The Basilica Cistern was one of the most fascinating places I visited in Istanbul. You walk down a few steps and suddenly find yourself in a completely different world. Dark, mysterious and incredibly beautiful at the same time.

This enormous underground water reservoir is located close to the Hagia Sophia. It was built in the sixth century during the Byzantine Empire and originally supplied water to the Great Palace and other important buildings.

Today, you can walk along raised platforms between hundreds of ancient columns. Take a closer look, because they’re far from identical. Many of the columns and capitals were probably reused from older Roman structures, a fascinating example of how materials were given a second life centuries ago.

The columns are beautifully illuminated and reflected in the water. Add the sound of dripping water and music, and the atmosphere becomes almost magical. What I loved most was how mysterious this place feels. You almost forget that you’re right in the middle of bustling Istanbul.

Make sure to look for the two famous Medusa heads at the base of two columns. Exactly why they ended up here remains a mystery to this day.

There is an entrance fee to visit the Basilica Cistern. I recommend buying your ticket online in advance, as queues can get quite long. Allow around 45 minutes to an hour for your visit. For me, this is definitely one of the things to do in Istanbul that you shouldn’t miss.

6 – Admire the splendour of Dolmabahçe Palace

Think you’ve already seen the best of Ottoman splendour after visiting Topkapı Palace? Wait until you step inside Dolmabahçe Palace. I was genuinely impressed by the sheer luxury and grandeur. Everything here feels even more lavish and, above all, much more European in style.

The palace was built in the nineteenth century along the shores of the Bosphorus. Everywhere you look, you’ll see marble, gold, richly decorated ceilings and enormous chandeliers. The Ceremonial Hall is particularly spectacular, with its gigantic crystal chandelier immediately drawing your attention.

I also found the Harem fascinating. This was the secluded private section of the palace, where the sultan’s mother, wives, concubines and children lived. Behind these beautiful rooms lies an entire world of traditions, hierarchy and strict rules. That story made the visit even more interesting to me.

Make sure to spend some time exploring the gardens as well. The palace sits directly on the Bosphorus, and the location alone is beautiful.

There is an entrance fee, and inside you largely follow a fixed route through the palace. Unfortunately, photography is not allowed everywhere. Allow at least two to three hours to explore everything at a relaxed pace. After Topkapı Palace, this offers a completely different perspective on the lives of the Ottoman sultans.

The best viewpoints in Istanbul

7 – Geniet van het uitzicht vanaf de Galatatoren

Want to admire Istanbul from above? Then the Galata Tower is an absolute must. I thought the view from here was fantastic. It’s only when you reach the top that you truly realise just how enormous Istanbul is.

The Galata Tower was originally built by the Genoese in the fourteenth century. Today, it’s one of the city’s most famous viewpoints. An elevator takes you almost all the way to the top, after which you continue to the panoramic viewing platform.

And that’s where the best part awaits. You can look out over the Bosphorus, the Golden Horn and the endless rooftops of Istanbul. In the distance, you’ll recognise the domes and minarets of landmarks such as the Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque. I could have stayed here for ages. Every angle reveals another part of the city.

It’s also a fantastic spot for photography. Try to visit early in the morning or around sunset, when the soft light makes the views even more beautiful. Keep in mind that the panoramic platform is quite narrow.

There is an entrance fee to visit the Galata Tower. I recommend buying your ticket online in advance, as the queues can get quite long.

8 – Enjoy the beautiful view from the Süleymaniye Mosque

For one of the best views over Istanbul, the Süleymaniye Mosque is definitely one of my favourite spots. When we stepped onto the terrace, I was blown away by the panorama. And that was despite the weather being far from ideal during our visit! Even under grey skies, I thought the view was fantastic.

The mosque sits on top of one of Istanbul’s hills. From here, you can look out over the Golden Horn, the Bosphorus and a large part of the city. Rooftops, minarets and neighbourhoods stretch across the hills in every direction. I can only imagine how beautiful it must be here on a clear day or around sunset.

But don’t come just for the view. The Süleymaniye Mosque was built in the sixteenth century for Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent and was designed by the famous Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan. Despite its enormous size, I found the atmosphere here surprisingly peaceful.

The interior of the mosque is beautiful as well. High domes, colourful windows and elegant details create a very different atmosphere from the Blue Mosque. Afterwards, make sure to wander around the grounds and explore the different terraces.

You can visit the Süleymaniye Mosque for free. Keep prayer times in mind and dress respectfully. Allow around an hour for your visit. Believe me, the view alone is worth taking your time for.

9 – Walk across the iconic Galata Bridge

The Galata Bridge is without a doubt one of my favourite places in Istanbul. Not only because of the fantastic views, but especially because there is always something happening here. As a photographer, I could hardly put my camera down.

All along the bridge, fishermen stand side by side with their fishing rods hanging over the water. Ferries constantly pass by, seagulls circle overhead and Istanbul’s skyline stretches out in the background. For me, this was one of those places where everyday life and the city’s iconic views come together perfectly.

And the photography opportunities are endless. Point your camera towards the fishermen and their silhouettes. Use the fishing rods as leading lines in your composition. Photograph the ferries passing underneath or turn around for views towards Sultanahmet. From the bridge, you can see several mosques and minarets rising above the city. With beautiful light, this is an incredible place to photograph.

So take your time when walking across the bridge. Don’t just rush from one side to the other. Stop, look around and observe. I loved waiting here until all the different elements came together perfectly in my frame.

Underneath the bridge, you’ll also find several fish restaurants. You can also try balık ekmek here, the famous sandwich filled with grilled fish.

For me, the Galata Bridge is much more than just a connection between two parts of the city. It’s one of those places where you can truly see Istanbul come to life.

10 – Spot the iconic Maiden’s Tower on the Bosphorus

In the middle of the Bosphorus, on a tiny islet, stands the Maiden’s Tower. In Turkish, this remarkable tower is called Kız Kulesi. You may also come across the name Leander’s Tower. They all refer to the same iconic landmark. Its location alone makes it one of Istanbul’s most unique viewpoints.

The Maiden’s Tower has stood here for centuries and has served various purposes, including as a watchtower, lighthouse and defensive structure. Several legends also surround the tower, adding an extra touch of mystery to this special place.

For me, the highlight of visiting the tower is the view. Since you’re literally standing in the middle of the Bosphorus, you get to see Istanbul from a completely different perspective. From the tower, you can look out over the water, the skyline of Sultanahmet, and both the European and Asian sides of the city. Ferries sail around you while domes and minarets rise above the city in the distance. Absolutely beautiful!

You can reach the Maiden’s Tower by ferry, including from the Karaköy area. Check the current departure points and ferry schedules in advance, as these may change.

The Maiden’s Tower is also beautiful to photograph from the waterfront in Üsküdar. Around sunset in particular, you can capture that iconic view of the tower with Istanbul in the background.

So definitely combine your visit with a walk through Üsküdar. That way, you can admire the Maiden’s Tower both up close and from a distance.

11 – Enjoy the panoramic views from Pierre Loti Hill

Have some extra time in Istanbul? Then Pierre Loti Hill is a lovely place to add to your itinerary. The views over the Golden Horn are beautiful, and the atmosphere at the top is much more peaceful than in the city centre.

From the hill, you can look out over the water, surrounding neighbourhoods, mosques and passing boats. At the top, you’ll find several terraces and cafés. Order a Turkish tea, find a spot with a view and simply enjoy the panorama for a while.

The hill is named after the French writer Pierre Loti, who regularly came here to write and enjoy the view. You can still feel a little of that nostalgic atmosphere today.

You can reach Pierre Loti Hill on foot or by cable car. We chose the cable car, which is a fun way to get to the top. You can simply use your Istanbulkart for the ride.

I definitely enjoyed Pierre Loti Hill, but I would mainly recommend it if you have some extra time. It’s located a little further away from Istanbul’s most famous attractions. If you only have a few days in Istanbul, there are other viewpoints I would visit first.

Want to explore this side of Istanbul without having to plan everything yourself? You can opt for an organised tour. It combines Pierre Loti Hill with colourful Balat and the Golden Horn. Along the way, you’ll take a boat trip across the Bosphorus between Europe and Asia, as well as a cable car ride from Pierre Loti Hill.

The best neighbourhoods in Istanbul

12 -Discover Istanbul’s historic heart in Sultanahmet

Sultanahmet will probably be one of the first neighbourhoods you explore during your city trip to Istanbul. This is the historic heart of the city and home to some of Istanbul’s most famous sights. But for me, Sultanahmet is about much more than just the Hagia Sophia , the Blue Mosque and  Topkapı Palace.

I loved simply wandering around here. Between the major landmarks, you’ll discover charming streets, small restaurants, colourful shops and that typical Istanbul skyline filled with domes and minarets. I especially loved the atmosphere early in the morning, when the streets were still a little quieter.

During the day, the atmosphere changes completely. Sultanahmet becomes busy, lively and sometimes even a little overwhelming. You’ll hear vendors calling out, the call to prayer and the buzz of visitors from all over the world. For me, it’s exactly this combination that makes the neighbourhood feel so typically Istanbul.

So don’t just rush from one famous landmark to the next. Take some time to wander through the surrounding streets without a plan. Stop for a Turkish tea, watch everyday life unfold and simply soak up the atmosphere.

Sultanahmet may not be the quietest neighbourhood in Istanbul, but it’s definitely one you should experience at least once.

13 – Discover trendy and creative Karaköy

Karaköy was another neighbourhood I instantly fell in love with. The atmosphere here feels younger, trendier and more creative, while you can still sense the old Istanbul. That combination is exactly what made it so enjoyable for me to explore.

Karaköy was once an important port and commercial district. Today, you’ll find trendy coffee shops, great restaurants, street art and small boutiques tucked between the old buildings. At the same time, traditional bakeries and local shops are still part of the neighbourhood. Old and new constantly blend together here.

Don’t plan too much when visiting Karaköy. Simply wander through the little streets, stop for a coffee and see where you end up. I also loved Karaköy for photography. Old façades sit alongside colourful walls and modern hotspots, and there’s always something happening in the streets.

Karaköy is also a great place to spend a little more time. By late afternoon, the terraces start filling up and the neighbourhood becomes even livelier. Find a nice rooftop bar for a drink with a view or grab a table at one of the many restaurants.

Its location is ideal too. You can easily walk to Galata Bridge and the Galata Tower. From the harbour, you can also catch a ferry to the Asian side. This makes Karaköy not only a fun neighbourhood to explore, but also a perfect base for your city trip to Istanbul.

15 – Experience the lively atmosphere of Taksim & İstiklal

Taksim is normally one of the liveliest parts of Istanbul. The famous İstiklal Street starts near Taksim Square and is a long pedestrian shopping street filled with shops, restaurants, cafés and historic buildings. The iconic red tram also makes its way through the crowds here.

Unfortunately, I didn’t get to experience the typical atmosphere of Taksim myself. We visited on May 1, Labour Day. In 1977, violent events took place here during May Day celebrations, resulting in the deaths of dozens of people. Since then, the square has held important symbolic significance during Labour Day.

As a result, there was a huge security presence during our visit. Several streets were closed off and police officers were stationed everywhere. This made Taksim feel very different from what it would on a normal day. I was disappointed that we didn’t get to experience the neighbourhood’s usual vibe.

Still, Taksim is a place worth including during your visit to Istanbul. Walk from Taksim Square along lively İstiklal Street towards Galata. Along the way, you’ll pass shops, historic passages, restaurants and cafés.

I’d love to come back here on a regular day. Hopefully then I’ll get to experience why this is one of Istanbul’s best-known and busiest areas.

16 – Discover the colourful streets of Balat

Balat was one of those neighbourhoods where I immediately fell in love with the atmosphere. Colourful houses, steep streets, small cafés and photogenic details everywhere you look. It can still get quite busy, but the crowds feel completely different from those in Sultanahmet.

Balat also has a fascinating history. For centuries, different communities lived side by side here, including Jewish, Greek and Armenian communities. You can still see these influences today in its old churches, synagogues and colourful architecture.

For me, Balat is the kind of neighbourhood where you shouldn’t plan too much. Simply wander through the narrow streets and see where you end up. Stop for a coffee, pop into a little shop and, most importantly, bring your camera. The colourful façades, staircases and scenes of everyday life offer endless photography opportunities.

Keep in mind that Balat has become very popular in recent years. The most famous colourful streets in particular can get quite crowded. So make sure to wander a little further away from the popular photo spots as well. That’s where you’ll discover a completely different side of the neighbourhood.

Allow at least two to three hours for Balat and consider combining your visit with neighbouring Fener. Together, they form a wonderful part of Istanbul to explore without a fixed plan.

17 – Experience local life in Kadıköy

During your city trip, make sure to cross the Bosphorus at least once and explore the Asian side of Istanbul. I thought the ferry ride to Kadıköy alone was worth it. As you leave Europe behind, you’ll be treated to beautiful views of Istanbul’s skyline along the way.

Once you arrive, the city immediately feels different. Kadıköy is less about major landmarks and much more about atmosphere. The streets are filled with small restaurants, coffee shops, markets, boutiques and street art. Everything feels a little more local and relaxed here.

I especially loved wandering through the neighbourhood without a plan. One of my favourite spots was Tellalzade Sokak, the famous antiques street. Its small shops are packed with old lamps, furniture, records and all kinds of unusual finds. Around Akmar Pasajı, you can also browse second-hand books, records and small music shops.

Have some extra time? Continue towards Moda, where the atmosphere becomes even more relaxed. Here, you’ll see locals sitting by the water, having picnics and simply enjoying their free time.

Kadıköy is also a fantastic place for food. Pop into a local bakery, wander through the market or simply choose a restaurant that catches your eye.

Allow at least half a day for Kadıköy. Don’t arrive with a long checklist. Just let the neighbourhood guide you and see where you end up. For me, that’s exactly where its charm lies.

The best green spaces in Istanbul

18 – Escape the crowds in Gülhane Park

After visiting all those impressive palaces, mosques and historic sites, a little greenery can be a welcome change. For us, Gülhane Park came at exactly the right moment. We walked through it after visiting the Basilica Cistern, on our way to Topkapı Palace.

Instead of heading straight to the next attraction, we decided to take a little break here. We grabbed a drink, found a bench and simply took a moment to relax. Just what we needed!

Gülhane Park was once part of the gardens of Topkapı Palace. Today, you can stroll beneath large trees, along wide pathways and past colourful flower beds. We visited in early May and were just in time to see the last tulips in bloom. Istanbul is famous for its tulips in spring, which made our walk even more beautiful.

What I especially loved was the contrast with busy Sultanahmet. You’re right in the middle of some of Istanbul’s most famous sights, yet suddenly everything feels much more peaceful.

So feel free to plan Gülhane Park as a little break during your day. Grab a drink, find a bench and enjoy the greenery before continuing your sightseeing.

Entrance to the park is free, and in my opinion, you don’t need to spend hours here. As a short break between the Basilica Cistern and Topkapı Palace, I thought it was perfect.

19 – Relax in the green surroundings of Yıldız Park

Have some extra time in Istanbul and want to escape the crowds for a while? Then Yıldız Park is a lovely place to add to your itinerary. It’s located a little further from the historic centre, between Beşiktaş and Ortaköy. That’s exactly why it feels much quieter and more local here.

Yıldız Park was once part of the gardens of the Ottoman Yıldız Palace. Today, it’s a huge green park filled with winding paths, old trees, ponds and flowers. At times, you almost forget that you’re still in the middle of a city with millions of inhabitants.

What I especially liked was that the park feels much less touristy. You’ll see locals walking, exercising or enjoying picnics together. Scattered throughout the park, you’ll also find historic pavilions and several places where you can stop for a drink.

The park is quite large and hilly, so wear comfortable shoes and simply wander around without too much of a plan. In some places, you’ll also catch beautiful glimpses of the Bosphorus through the greenery.

Only have a few days in Istanbul? Then I would prioritise other sights. But if you have a little more time, combine Yıldız Park with other places in the area. For example, visit Dolmabahçe Palace and the Dolmabahçe Mosque before continuing towards Beşiktaş and Ortaköy. This way, you can turn it into a beautiful route along the Bosphorus.

Must-visit museums in Istanbul

20 – Dive into the history of the Hagia Sophia

Want to understand the history of Istanbul better, but don’t feel like visiting a traditional museum filled with long texts? Then I can definitely recommend the Hagia Sophia History and Experience Museum. Personally, I found this one of the most interesting museums we visited.

Especially if you don’t know much about Istanbul’s history yet, this is a great place to start. Through large-scale projections, light, sound and interactive spaces, you’re immersed in the story of the Hagia Sophia. You’ll discover how the building changed over the centuries from a Byzantine cathedral into an Ottoman mosque and later a museum.

What I especially enjoyed was the way the story is told. You learn a huge amount about its history, yet it never feels overwhelming or boring. Thanks to the audiovisual effects, it sometimes feels as if you’re stepping back in time yourself.

I would also combine the museum with a visit to the actual Hagia Sophia. With all that extra background information, you’ll look at its domes, mosaics and Islamic elements from a completely different perspective afterwards.

The museum is located close to the Hagia Sophia and requires an entrance ticket. Allow around one to one and a half hours for your visit. For me, this is a great choice if you want to learn more about Istanbul’s fascinating history in a fun and interactive way.

21 -Discover modern art at Istanbul Modern

Love modern and contemporary art? Then Istanbul Modern is definitely worth adding to your list. The museum sits right on the Bosphorus in Karaköy, and the combination of art, architecture and views alone makes it worth visiting.

Inside, you’ll mainly discover modern and contemporary art by Turkish artists, complemented by international works. Paintings, photography, video art and temporary exhibitions provide plenty of variety. I especially enjoyed discovering a different, more contemporary side of Turkey and Istanbul through art.

I also loved the building itself. Designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano, it feels bright and spacious. Through the large windows, you’ll regularly catch beautiful views of the Bosphorus. Looking at art with Istanbul as your backdrop? It doesn’t get much better than that.

After your visit, take some time to enjoy the terrace and the view. The museum is also located close to Galataport and Karaköy, so you can easily combine it with a walk through this lively neighbourhood.

There is an entrance fee for Istanbul Modern. Allow around one and a half to two hours for your visit and check in advance which temporary exhibitions are on. Especially for art lovers, I think this is one of the most interesting museums in Istanbul.

22 – Be surprised by the art at the Pera Museum

Love art but find history just as fascinating? Then the Pera Museum is a great addition to your Istanbul itinerary. The museum is located in Beyoğlu, close to İstiklal Street, but once you step inside, you can escape the hustle and bustle outside for a while.

The collection isn’t enormous, which means you can explore it at a relaxed pace. I found the Orientalist paintings particularly interesting. They offer a glimpse of Istanbul and the Ottoman Empire through the eyes of artists from different periods.

The museum’s most famous work is undoubtedly The Tortoise Trainer by Osman Hamdi Bey. It’s one of the best-known paintings in Turkish art history and reason enough to stop by. You’ll also find photography, historical objects and regularly changing temporary exhibitions.

What I like about the Pera Museum is that it feels much smaller and more intimate than many other museums. You don’t need to set aside half a day for it, and you can easily combine your visit with other sights nearby.

23 – Discover Turkish and Islamic art up close

After seeing all those beautiful mosques and palaces, want to dive a little deeper into Turkish and Islamic culture? Then the Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts is an interesting stop. It’s located right in Sultanahmet, close to the Blue Mosque, yet feels surprisingly peaceful.

Inside, you’ll discover an extensive collection of carpets, ceramics, calligraphy, manuscripts and religious art. The centuries-old hand-knotted carpets are particularly impressive. After your visit, you’ll almost automatically start looking differently at the patterns and details you see throughout Istanbul.

What I found especially interesting is that the museum goes beyond Ottoman history. You’ll discover art and objects from different periods and regions of the Islamic world, giving you more context for many of the things you encounter during your city trip.

The location itself is also special. The museum is housed in the historic Ibrahim Pasha Palace. From some parts of the building, you’ll also get beautiful views over the Hippodrome and towards the Blue Mosque.

I would especially recommend this museum if you’re interested in history, culture and art. Since it’s located right in Sultanahmet, you can easily combine it with the area’s other major attractions.

Allow around one and a half to two hours for your visit and check the current opening hours beforehand.

Hidden gems in Istanbul

24 – Discover the hidden Büyük Valide Han

Just a stone’s throw from the Grand Bazaar lies one of Istanbul’s hidden gems: Büyük Valide Han. From the outside, you could easily walk straight past it, but once you step inside, you’ll discover a historic caravanserai filled with old passageways, courtyards and small workshops.

Büyük Valide Han was built in the seventeenth century and was once an important place for travelling merchants to stay. Today, the building is still used by local craftspeople and shopkeepers. That alone makes walking through it feel like taking a little step back in time.

The place became particularly famous thanks to photos of its unusual rooftop, with small domes and fantastic views over Istanbul. You may have seen those images on Instagram. One important thing to know is that the historic rooftop with the domes is no longer freely accessible. It was closed due to damage and safety concerns.

Still want to enjoy the view? Walk through the courtyard and make your way to the upper floor. There, you’ll find a few small cafés and terraces overlooking the rooftops, the Golden Horn and Istanbul’s skyline. Feel free to ask one of the local craftspeople for directions, as the passageways can be quite confusing.

For me, that search is part of what makes Büyük Valide Han so much fun. You leave the crowds of the Grand Bazaar behind and suddenly discover a completely different, hidden side of Istanbul.

25 – Wander through the streets of Fener

If you’re visiting Balat, make sure to continue towards Fener as well. We combined both neighbourhoods, which I thought worked perfectly. They’re right next to each other, yet Fener has a different atmosphere.

While Balat has become quite popular and can get busy, Fener felt a little quieter and more authentic to me. You’ll wander through narrow, sometimes steep streets lined with colourful façades, old houses and small local shops. It’s the kind of neighbourhood where you should simply walk around without a plan and see what you discover along the way.

Fener also has a fascinating history. For centuries, the neighbourhood was an important centre for Istanbul’s Greek community. You can still see those influences today in its historic buildings and churches.

One of the most striking buildings is the enormous red Phanar Greek Orthodox College, which towers above the neighbourhood. The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople is also located in Fener and is an important site in the Greek Orthodox world.

For me, Fener was the perfect addition to Balat. So don’t just stick to the famous colourful photo spots. Wander a little further and explore the lesser-known streets, because that’s often where you’ll discover some of the most charming corners of Istanbul.

26 – Escape the crowds in Kuzguncuk

Have some extra time in Istanbul and want to get away from the famous sights for a while? Head to Kuzguncuk on the Asian side of the Bosphorus. This colourful neighbourhood is a little further from the centre, but that’s exactly what gives it such a lovely, almost village-like atmosphere.

Kuzguncuk is known for its colourful wooden houses, narrow streets, cosy coffee shops and local stores. Everything feels a little slower here. You’ll see locals chatting, cats lounging in front of houses and small terraces filling up with neighbourhood residents.

Kuzguncuk’s history also makes the neighbourhood special. Different religious communities lived side by side here for many years, which is why you’ll find mosques, churches and synagogues within a short distance of one another.

Kuzguncuk also seems like a wonderful place for photography. Its colourful façades, old wooden houses and quiet streets show you a completely different side of Istanbul compared with Sultanahmet or Karaköy.

Kuzguncuk is a little further off the classic tourist trail, so I would mainly recommend this neighbourhood if you have some extra time. You can combine your visit with Üsküdar and the Maiden’s Tower for a lovely day out on the Asian side of Istanbul.

27 – Admire the Ortaköy Mosque on the Bosphorus

The Ortaköy Mosque is located a little further from the historic centre, but believe me, it’s well worth the journey. Its location right on the Bosphorus, with the enormous Bosphorus Bridge in the background, makes this one of the most photogenic places in Istanbul.

Its official name is the Büyük Mecidiye Mosque. It was built in the nineteenth century and looks completely different from the grand Ottoman mosques of Sultanahmet. The interior is bright and elegant, with large windows overlooking the water.

Make sure to spend plenty of time outside as well. From the square and waterfront, you can photograph the mosque from several different perspectives. The combination of the mosque, the Bosphorus, passing ferries and the impressive bridge creates a different scene every time.

Ortaköy itself is also worth exploring. Around the square, you’ll find narrow streets, cafés and food stalls. Make sure to try a kumpir here, the famous loaded baked potato that Ortaköy is known for.

Since Ortaköy is a little further away, I would combine your visit with other places along the Bosphorus. Think Dolmabahçe Palace, Yıldız Park and Beşiktaş. This way, you can turn the journey into a beautiful route along the waterfront.

Shopping in Istanbul

28 – Shop your way through Istanbul’s bazaars and boutiques

Shopping in Istanbul is an experience in itself. From centuries-old bazaars filled with carpets and spices to trendy boutiques and antique shops, you can find just about everything here. And believe me, going home empty-handed is difficult.

For the ultimate Istanbul experience, you should wander through the Grand Bazaar at least once. With thousands of shops, it’s a maze of carpets, lamps, ceramics, jewellery, leather goods and souvenirs. Bargaining is all part of the experience.

For spices and local delicacies, I much preferred the Egyptian Bazaar, also known as the Spice Bazaar. Think colourful spices, tea, nuts, dried fruit, lokum and other Turkish specialities. The streets surrounding the bazaar are also filled with small shops.

Looking for something less touristy? Head to Kadıköy. Around the market, you’ll find delicatessens, bakeries and local products. On Tellalzade Sokak, you can browse antique shops filled with vintage items, old lamps and records.

For fashion, international brands and larger stores, head to İstiklal Street. Prefer something trendier and more local? In Karaköy and Galata, you’ll find small boutiques, concept stores, design shops and original souvenirs.

If you’re looking for luxury shopping, head to Nişantaşı. Here, you’ll find designer stores, Turkish fashion brands and stylish boutiques.

My tip? Leave some extra space in your suitcase. Istanbul makes it very difficult to go home without buying anything.

29 – Meet the cats of Istanbul

Forget the mosques, palaces and bazaars for a moment. For cat lovers, Istanbul has an even bigger attraction: the cats! They really are everywhere, and believe me, you’ll take far more photos of them than you expect.

You’ll see them sleeping on windowsills, posing in front of colourful façades, hanging around cafés and even casually strolling into shops and mosques. Some of them behave as if the whole of Istanbul belongs to them. And to be fair? Maybe it does.

What I especially loved was seeing how well many locals take care of the street cats. In different places around the city, you’ll find bowls of food and water. Some cats even have little shelters where they can sleep.

Are you a huge cat lover like me? Then keep some cat treats in your bag. Believe me, you’ll make new friends very quickly along the way. They’re also fantastic to photograph. Somehow, cats just seem to fit perfectly among Istanbul’s colourful streets and historic buildings.

One important tip: if you see a kitten sitting alone somewhere, don’t simply pick it up or move it. Its mother may be nearby and could return later.

For me, the cats ended up being part of Istanbul’s charm. They may not be an official attraction, but they’re definitely something you can’t miss.

30 – Taste your way through Istanbul

Exploring Istanbul isn’t just about what you see, but also what you taste. Turkish cuisine was a big part of our city trip. From elaborate breakfasts and street food to strong Turkish coffee and plenty of sweet treats, food is everywhere in Istanbul.

Start at least one morning with a traditional Turkish breakfast. Expect a table filled with bread, cheeses, olives, eggs, vegetables and lots of small dishes. For something quick, grab a simit, the famous ring-shaped sesame bread you’ll see all over the city.

Make sure to try mantı as well. These small Turkish dumplings are usually filled with seasoned minced meat and served with garlic yoghurt and warm spiced butter. Think of them as a kind of Turkish ravioli, and definitely one of my favourites.

Along the Bosphorus, you should try balık ekmek. This simple sandwich filled with grilled fish is typical Istanbul street food. You’ll find it everywhere, especially around Eminönü and Galata Bridge. In Ortaköy, on the other hand, you can order a generously filled kumpir.

And then, of course, there are the sweet treats. Baklava, lokum and künefe are classics you should definitely try. These days, you’ll also see San Sebastian cheesecake everywhere in Istanbul. This incredibly creamy cheesecake with its dark, caramelised top is often served with warm chocolate sauce. It’s not traditionally Turkish, but it has become almost impossible to miss in Istanbul’s trendy cafés.

Pair it with a Turkish tea or make sure to order an authentic Turkish coffee at least once. Want to discover as many local flavours as possible in a short amount of time? Then a food tour through Istanbul is a fun way to taste typical dishes and street food while learning more about Turkish food culture.